Chrial Gas Chromatography

Table of Contents

The Concept of Chirality and the Basic Properties of Chiral Structures
Introduction
A Short Preface to Basic Stereochemistry
Chiral Measuring Devices
The Molecular Structure of Chiral Substances
Pattern Specifications
Rule 1
Rule 2
Rule 3
Diastereoisomers
Anomers
Epimers
Meso Structures
The Mechanism of Solute Retention
The Plate Theory
The Thermodynamics of Distribution
The Role of Molecular Interactions in Controlling the Magnitude of the Distribution Coefficient (K)
Molecular Forces
Dispersion Forces
Polar Forces
Dipole-Dipole Interactions
Dipole-Induced-Dipole Interactions
Ionic Forces
Molecular Forces and Chromatographic Selectivity
Separations Based on Dispersive Interactions
Separations Based on Polar Interactions
Separations Based on Ionic Interactions
Parameters that Control the Chromatographically Available Stationary Phase (V_s)
Stationary Phase Limitation by Chiral Selectivity
Stationary Phase Limitation by Exclusion
Chiral Stationary Phases
Early History
Contemporary Chiral Stationary Phases
Chiral Polysiloxane Stationary Phases
Chiral Metal Chelating Stationary Phases
Cyclodextrin Chiral Stationary Phases
Factors Controlling Selectivity
Open Tubular Columns
Dynamic Coating
Static Coating
Column Regeneration
Capillary Column Design and Choice
Stationary Phases for the GC Separation of Chiral Substances
The Basic Gas Chromatograph
Gas Supplies
Sampling Devices
Injection System for Packed Columns
Injection System for Small Diameter Capillary Columns
Injection Systems for Large Bore Capillary Columns
Automatic Injection Systems
The Column Oven and Temperature Programmer
Gas Chromatography Detectors
Detector Specifications
Detector Linearity
Linear Dynamic Range
Detector Noise Level
Short- term noise
Long-Term Noise
Drift
Detector Response
Detector Sensitivity or the Minimum Detectable Concentration
Pressure Sensitivity
Flow Sensitivity
Temperature Sensitivity
The Flame Ionization Detector (FID)
The Nitrogen Phosphorus Detector (NPD)
The Electron Capture Detector(ECD)
Data Acquisition and Processing
References